It is a dental speciality which deals with the surgery of maxillofacial region – mouth, face and facial bones, neck etc
One who is specialized in the field of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and deals with surgeries involving oral and maxillofacial region like:
Extraction is the removal of complete tooth or the tooth root with minimum damage to the adjoining structures.
Extraction is a painless procedure in majority of the cases. This is done by injecting a local anaesthetic solution around the tooth being extracted, which blocks all the pain while preserving the other sensations. The numbness may stay for 1to 2 hours after which it gradually recedes.
Stitches are not needed for the majority of extractions which are straightforward. But sometimes when the tooth is difficult to remove (gums around the teeth need to be incised &opened) or multiple teeth are removed in one sitting, stitches may be required.
Removal of teeth in no case affects the vision of the person and is not related to whether an upper or lower tooth is being extracted.
Infection from the tooth may start spreading into the surrounding bone and gums. The bacteria may multiply rapidly from there to form an acute infection causing swelling, fever, severe pain, difficulty in opening the mouth, formation of extraoral sinus with pus discharge. This infection if left untreated may progress on to deeper tissues of head and neck and become life threatening in severe cases.
Pain, infection, difficulty in mouth opening, dry socket etc are possible complications. But these are very rare when the procedure is done properlyand followed the post-operative instructions correctly.
Wisdom teeth, otherwise known as third molars, are the last set of teeth to develop. Sometimes these teeth emerge from the gum line and the jaw is large enough to allow room for them, but most of the time, this is not the case. More often, one or more of these third molars fails to emerge in proper alignment or fails to fully emerge through the gum line and becomes entrapped or “impacted” between the jawbone and the gum tissue. Impacted teeth can result in swelling, pain, and infection of the cheek & gum tissue surrounding the wisdom teeth. In addition, impacted wisdom teeth can cause permanent damage to nearby teeth, gums, and bone and can sometimes lead to the formation of cysts or tumors that can destroy sections of the jaw. Therefore, we recommend to people with such teeth to undergo impacted wisdom tooth removal surgery.
It’s not just wisdom teeth that sometimes become impacted and need to be removed. Other teeth, such as the cuspids and the bicuspids can become impacted and can cause the same types of problems described with impacted wisdom teeth.
Wisdom tooth should be extracted in following conditions:
Wisdom tooth should not be extracted in following conditions:
Impacted teeth removal (also wisdom teeth removal) is absolutely painless. It is slightly uncomfortable and tiring due to the length of the procedure. Some patients may experience some pain and discomfort post removal but it depends on:
You will be given a prescription post surgery, and as long as you follow the instructions pain and discomfort are minimal.
Generally, simple and uncomplicated procedures are usually performed under local anesthesia. However, patients with low pain tolerance and requiring complicated procedures can be done under general anesthesia also.
UNCOMMON COMPLICATIONS
Orthognathic Surgery
COSMETIC JAW SURGERY
Orthognathic surgery is an operation to reposition the jaws. (Ortho means straighten, gnathia means jaw in Latin). The operation aims to correct imbalances between the upper and lower jaws.
It is not always possible to correct your teeth and achieve the bite using only orthodontics (braces). This is because the bones of your face and jaws, in which the teeth are positioned, may be out of balance with one another. (For example, you may have a larger lower jaw and a normal sized upper jaw).
It is not always possible to correct your teeth and acheive the bite using only orthodontics (braces). This is because the bones of your face and jaws, in which the teeth are positioned, may be out of balance with one another. (For example, you may have a larger lower jaw and a normal sized upper jaw).
Orthognathic surgery is able to correct larger jaw discrepancies and improve both the bite of your teeth as well as your appearance by altering the shape of the face.
The first consultation is a very important part of your treatment. It is an opportunity to meet the team consisting maxillofacial surgeon and orthodontist.
Your doctor will assess your expectations and also establish the diagnosis. They will take photos, dental impressions for study models, x-rays or CT scans needed to assess your case.
If your condition warrants surgery,then this will be explained to you about the realistic outcome, the required time frame and also any risks involved.
It is normal to need orthodontic treatment before as well as after the surgery. It is important to use braces to move the teeth to make sure that they will meet together correctly after the operation.
The surgery may be limited to either the upper or lower jaw or in some cases both jaws (bimaxillary osteotomy).
In the vast majority of cases all surgery is all done from inside the mouth, so there are no external scars. The jawbones are repositioned and secured by tiny plates and screws made from pure titanium, which remain under the gums and are not seen in the mouth. Immediately following the surgery the teeth are not normally wired together. Small elastic bands are placed between the top and bottom braces to guide the teeth into their new bite after a day or so.
Surgery will require a general anaesthetic which will involve admission to a Hospital.
Preparing to have your surgery
Your surgeon will explain how to prepare for your procedure. For example,
Recovery from the Surgery
Risks & Complications
This is usually a very safe procedure which is carried out regularly by specialised and experienced surgeons. Complications in this type of surgery are, fortunately, rare and may not apply to you but it is important that you are aware of them. These may include:
Fascial Spaces are potential spaces present between the different tissues constituting the head and neck , like, the muscles, bones & fascia.
Spread of infection
In case an infection arising the oral cavity (decayed teeth, infected gums, infected salivary gland etc), is allowed to progress unchecked, they tend to spread to the adjacent tissues, through which they may reach these fascial spaces.
It must be stressed that the fascial spaces in the body are contiguous. It is quite likely that infection in a particular fascial space will spread to adjacent ones. For example, Ludwig’s angina constitutes an infection that has spread to involve the submental (area below the chin) and bilateral submandibular (area below the lower jaw) and sublingual (area under the tongue) spaces which could cause impingement and blockage of the airway. Therefore, a seemingly ‘simple’ tooth infection, under the right circumstances, may have serious complications.
You should be worried if you have a decayed tooth or any other infection in the mouth…(removed sentence)
How are these Infections Treated
along with antibiotics and analgesics whichare aimed as supportive measures.
Facial injuries can affect the upper jaw, lower jaw, cheek, nose, eye socket. They maybe in some cases limited to only soft tissues of the face and mouth, or in severe cases, involve the jaw bones and bones of the facial skeleton.
Facial injuries most commonly occur during:
When making a diagnosis, your doctor will begin by asking about your medical history, including any events that may have caused your facial injury.
A thorough physical and medical examination will also be conducted, to note any injuries to your face and other parts of your body. This may be followed by relevant X-rays and CT scan of the head and face. Specific X-rays are needed depending on exact nature and site of injuries.
Many people with facial injuries also suffer from additional injuries. In such cases additional x-rays, investigations and consultations with other medical specialists may be needed.
Our dental clinic is equipped with Cone Beam CT SCAN, OPG/Panorama Xrays and RVGs to assess the jaw and facial bone fractures.
Treatment for a facial injury
Depending on these factors, a decision may be made to treat the injury surgically or non-surgically.
A cyst is a sack or pouch which forms within tissues and contains fluid. Around the face and mouth they can develop under the skin, under the mouth lining, within the saliva glands, and within the jawbones.
There are several different types of cysts within the jawbones.
Jaw cysts grow very slowly and in the vast majority of cases patients do not have any symptoms. They are often discovered as an incidental finding when x-rays are taken to look for other things. But, if the cyst becomes infected they can become painful.
Following an examination and x-rays, the surgeon will be able to establish accurate diagnosis with CBCT scan which gives a 3-D view and aids the surgery.
The treatment for cysts is to remove them. This is done by a small incision inside the mouth and removal of part of the bonein majority of the cases. But sometimes, due to the size or location of the cyst, incision may have to made outside the mouth too. Occasionally when cysts are very large it may be possible to treat them by surgical decompression.
Following the surgery the cyst is sent to a specialist pathologist for examination under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis.
Depending on the size & location of the cyst, as well as, taking into account your general health and your previous experiences of having dental treatment local or general anesthesia maybe administered.
Recovery from your procedure
Benign Jaw Tumors
A tumor is an abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells which are normally present in the body. Benign tumors not a cancerous growths and are not life threatening. These behave like jaw cysts ( but are solid growths) in most aspects. Around the face and mouth they can develop under the skin, under the mouth lining, within the saliva glands, and within the jawbones.
Although they are usually not life threatening, they can be quite aggressive and destructive locally. So if left untreated, they have the potential to cause permanent disfigurement or disability.
Treatment aspects broadly follow the same pattern as the Jaw Cysts.
This condition may impair eating, impede oral hygiene, restrict access for dental procedures and adversely affect speech and facial appearance.
The normal range of mouth opening varies from patient to patient, within a
range of 40– 60 mm, although some authors place the lower limit at 35 mm.9,10 The width of the index finger at the nail bed is between 17 and 19 mm. Thus, two fingers’ breadth (40 mm) up to three
fingers’ breadth (54–57 mm) is the usual width of opening. Males show greater mouth opening than females.
Several conditions may cause orpredispose an individual to developtrismus. The aetiology of trismus may beclassified as follows:
Underlying condition has to be treated, and that relieves the trismus over time. Hence consultation with OMF Surgeon or oral medicine specialist is mandatory, because accurate diagnosis of the underlying condition is important and forms the basis of further treatment.
Cleft Lip & Palate
Cleft lip and cleft palate are facial and oral malformations that occur very early in pregnancy, while the baby is developing inside the mother. Clefting results when there is not enough tissue in the mouth or lip area, and the tissue that is available does not join together properly.
In most cases, the cause of cleft lip and cleft palate is unknown. Most scientists believe clefts are due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There appears to be a greater chance of clefting in a newborn if a sibling, parent, or relative has had the problem.
Another potential cause may be related to a medication a mother may have taken during her pregnancy. Cleft lip and cleft palate may also occur as a result of exposure to viruses or chemicals while the fetus is developing in the womb.
The health care team works together to develop a plan of care to meet the individual needs of each patient. Treatment usually begins in infancy and often continues through early adulthood.
A cleft lip may require one or two surgeries depending on the extent of the repair needed. The initial surgery is usually performed by the time a baby is 3 months old.
Repair of a cleft palate often requires multiple surgeries till the age of 18 years. The first surgery to repair the palate usually occurs when the baby is between 6 and 12 months old. The initial surgery creates a functional palate, reduces the chances that fluid will develop in the middle ears, and aids in the proper development of the teeth and facial bones. Children with a cleft palate may also need a bone graft when they are about 8 years old to fill in the upper gum line so that it can support permanent teeth and stabilize the upper jaw. About 20% of children with a cleft palate require further surgeries to help improve their speech. Once the permanent teeth grow in, braces are often needed to straighten the teeth.
Additional surgeries may be performed to improve the appearance of the lip and nose, close openings between the mouth and nose, help breathing, and stabilize and realign the jaw. Final repairs of the scars left by the initial surgery will probably not be performed until adolescence, when the facial structure is more fully developed.
Although treatment for a cleft lip and/or cleft palate may extend over several years and require several surgeries depending upon the involvement, most children affected by this condition can achieve near normal appearance, speech, and eating.
Dental Care for Children With Cleft Lips and/or Palates
Generally, the preventive and restorative dental care needs of children with clefts are the same as for other children. However, children with cleft lip and cleft palate may have special problems related to missing, malformed, or malpositioned teeth that require close monitoring.
Rhinoplasty is surgery to reshape the nose. It can make the nose larger or smaller; change the angle of the nose in relation to the upper lip; alter the tip of the nose; or correct bumps, indentations, or other defects in the nose.
During rhinoplasty, the surgeon makes incisions to access the bones and cartilage that support the nose. The incisions are usually made inside the nose so that they are invisible after the surgery. Depending on the desired result, some bone and cartilage may be removed, or tissue may be added (either from another part of the body or using a synthetic filler). After the surgeon has rearranged and reshaped the bone and cartilage, the skin and tissue is redraped over the structure of the nose. A splint is placed outside the nose to support the new shape of the nose as it heals.
Rhinoplasty may be done using general or local anesthesia. It is usually done as an outpatient procedure but sometimes requires a 1-night stay in the hospital or surgery center.
In simple terms, rhinoplasty is required in 2 types of situations
The results of rhinoplasty may be minor or significant, depending on what kind of correction you want. It is important that you and your maxillofacial surgeon / ENT / plastic surgeon agree on the goals of the surgery. If your expectations are realistic and your surgeon shares them, he will probably be able to give you the results you want.
The results of rhinoplasty are permanent, although subsequent injury or other factors can alter the nose’s appearance. Cosmetic surgery should only be done on a fully developed nose. Complete development has usually occurred by age 15 or 16 in females and by age 17 or 18 in males. If surgery is done before this time, continued development of the nose can alter the surgical results and possibly cause complications.
One of the prominent features of the face, the nose can have a big impact on your self-image and appearance. If you’re unhappy with your nose and have been so for a long time, rhinoplasty is a reasonable option to consider. As with other cosmetic procedures, you are more likely to be happy with the results of rhinoplasty if you have clear, realistic expectations about what the surgery can achieve and if you share these with the surgeon.
Cancer is defined as the uncontrollable growth of cells that invade and cause damage to surrounding tissue. Oral cancer appears as a growth or sore in the mouth that does not go away. Oral cancer, which includes cancers of the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, hard and soft palate, sinuses, and pharynx (throat), can be life threatening if not diagnosed and treated early.
If you notice any of these changes, contact your dentist or health care professional immediately.
As part of your routine dental exam, your dentist will conduct an oral cancer screening exam. More specifically, your dentist will feel for any lumps or irregular tissue changes in your neck, head, face, and oral cavity. When examining your mouth, your dentist will look for any sores or discolored tissue as well as check for any signs and symptoms mentioned above.
A biopsy may be needed if any tissue in your mouth looks suspicious. This test is painless and involves taking a small sample of the tissue and analyzing it for abnormal cells. This procedure usually requires only local anesthesia. These tests are necessary to detect oral cancer early, before it has had a chance to progress and spread.
Oral cancer is treated with surgery to remove the cancerous growth, followed by radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy (drug treatments) to destroy any remaining cancer cells.
You can take an active role in detecting oral cancer early, should it occur, by doing the following:
jayasree dara2024-12-25 Dr. Mohan is very friendly and supportive during the treatment, i’m happy and satisfied the way he treated my kid. Thank you for your suggestions and guidance😀I strongly recommend this clinic for dental treatment!!! Hari Priyanka2024-12-21 Every doctor treats the problem but taking care of very minor issues and suggesting the best is glad for us Bheemesh Thummalapalli2024-12-21 Overall Treatment and experience is good, Feeling good after I had my crowns. It gives new look to me. The staff will give good guidance or any suggestions for better understanding. vamsi krishna puppala2024-12-19 Planning to have a smile designing from a long time, finally had it. Thanks to Dr Mohan for making it happen. Highly recommended . Sindu Nerati2024-12-18 My teeth alignment went so good with less pain doctor took atmost care while treating me staff also great Thankyou dr mohan Keerthi Reddy2024-12-17 Treated by Dr Rekha. Painless procedure and very good ambience along with the best care.Load more
Book an appointment by filling the appointment form on our website
Visit our clinic on your scheduled time to consult one of our dental specialist
We will be in touch with you regarding your upcoming sittings and treatments